Porter's Five-Force model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

doormans Five-Force model - Es severalise ExampleIt is important for any international business to critically study the competitive environment of the attention. The telephone number of close substitutes, handiness of resources, buying power of the consumers, threat of new entrants and the level of rivalry betwixt existing firms must be studied closely to determine whether the industry would present the firm with a favorable and advanceable environment. Porters Five forces model al kickoffs a firm to critically analyze each and every factor in in the respective elements of industry competitiveness noted above (Swaan et al, 1999).Porter describes five forces which affect the industrys competitiveness. The Threat of Substitute Products available in the market determines the power which a business may have in the industry. If the product is a generic one which has high substitutes in the market, the industry entrust be considered as highly competitive. Similarly, high level of close substitutes means that the buyers cost of switching is low and imposes a high threat to the firms. Besides this factor, all the factors are included in Figure 1 (Swaan et al, 1999).Likewise, if the buyers in the industry have a high negotiating power, the firms will be lead to lower their profit margins and the prices. A high negotiating power means that there would be less number of buyers as compared to the number of sellers in the market. Also, switching costs would be low and the products would be common rather than differentiated. Simultaneously, when there are fewer suppliers in the market who sell highly technical or hard to procure edged materials, they would have more negotiating power (Swaan et al, 1999).The ability and the ease of new entrants in the market also say how much competition a firm can expect in the future. With all these specifics, comes rivalry between firms. If one promotional campaign is followed aggressively by competing firms, the rivalry would be high. Similarly, the level of product

Voting Right Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Voting Right - Essay typefaceHowever, in the years since the words of the Declaration of Independence were put to parchment, the Supreme dally has, more oftentimes than non, shown that it will uphold the status quo of society, and deny the full to proper to voter turnout to women and those of minorities, rather than affirming and advancing it. Though there have been some instances of advancement occurring, they are not as plentiful as those that do not. The listing of cases for both protection and denial of balloting rights spans not only decades of history, provided could also span volumes of pages. As always with multiple examples, there are those that best exemplify things, and I believe that the cases of United States v. Reese in 1876 as well as Minor v. Happersett in 1874 are the best examples of the Supreme Court denying voting rights, while the cases of Smith v. Allwright in 1944 and Baker v. Carr in 1962 are the best examples of both advancing the right to vote an d ensuring protection for it. Both United States v. Reese and Minor v. ... In United States v. Reese, an election inspector, Hiram Reese, had refused to allow William Garner, who was an African-American, to vote in a Lexington, Kentucky election, due to the fact that he had not paid a poll measure of $1.50. In Minor v. Happersett Mrs. Virginia Minor, leader of the vote movement for women in Missouri, brought suit against a registration police officer when he refused to add her name to the list of registered voters, due to her gender. Garner alleged that he had attempted to stick out the poll tax and had been refused, while Mrs. Minor alleged that she was a citizen, and all citizens had the right to vote, therefore she had the right to vote. The Supreme Court in United States v. Reese ruled that the Fifteenth Amendment does not confer the right of suffrage upon anyone, meaning that just because he was African American did not mean that Garner had the right to vote. The contribut e of this case was that states were able to continually deny the vote to African Americans, not based on race, but on other requirements such as literacy and nonpayment of poll taxes. In Minor v. Happersett, the Supreme Court went further, stating that though the Fourteenth Amendment gave all citizens the right to vote, and Mrs. Minor was indeed a citizen, the Constitution did not specifically give women the right to vote. This decision was all the more ridiculous because the Constitution did not provide for umteen things that had since come into existence in the United States and had worked quite well, yet women were still denied the right to vote because it did not exist in the Constitution. Both of these cases are examples of the Supreme Court not only denying the right to vote to citizens of the United States, but acknowledging that legislation existed that could have

The play Lucky Spot Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The play Lucky Spot - Thesis fountIt is obvious from the beginning of the play that the prospect of success for a dance hall in a poor, Southern town during the Depression, over the Christmas holidays, when people spend time with family, is unlikely. But its Hookers pipe dream that keeps him unrecorded when he says, Hey, look, its Christmas Eve. People are so lonely out there you can smell it decomposition reaction on em. Here at The Lucky Spot well be selling hot music, fine dancing, and bracing solace of kind hearted women. The stakes are raised even higher when Whitt Carmichael, a wealthy, well-dressed man in his thirties, comes to town and informs Hooker that the property he won from his relative has a lien on it and unless he pays him three hundred and fifty dollars for it by January 1st, the property belongs to him.The prospect for success narrows even further when Lacey Rollins, 30ish with attenuation good looks, one of the Taxi Dancers Hooker hired to work at The Lucky Sp ot, emerges from the living quarter to inform the others that the rest of the dancers have fled on account of the news that Hookers estranged wife, Sue Jack tiller Hooker, has been released from prison early and is headed back there. Sue Jacks reputation precedes her having served time for throwing a woman over a second floor balcony when she found her in bed with her husband.

Female genital mutilation and the practice of midwifery Dissertation

womanly genital mutilation and the practice of midwifery - Dissertation ExampleThe practices of FGM seem to be barbaric and cruel to Hesperian society and in societies that hold such(prenominal) practices atomic number 18 done with the belief that at that place is a advance to stealing the stirual arousal mechanisms from women in order to make them less carnal and more proper. The obstruction comes in trying to honour cultures for their beliefs while motivating them to change those beliefs because of false and dangerous consequences where pistillate sex organs are concerned. Midwifery requires the acceptance of beliefs in concert with the application of good medical and handed-down knowledge where child yield is concerned. Consulting and caring for women who have had FGM requires sensitivity to the cultural beliefs with a firm understanding of how such procedures affect women in reference to their procreative lives. Psychological and medical knowledge is necessary to treat w omen with some(prenominal) respect and dignity despite any converse beliefs on the subject. While ideally it would be upright to abolish the act of FGM, at this point in time it is still a potential caper that might arise when caring from patients from certain cultures or who come from a history of traumatic component part that ended in FGM. The following research proposal will explore the potential for a confuse in which the subject of FGM is examined through victims of the procedures, through the medical consequences that midwives face when dealing with patients who are victims of FGM, and through examining the remnant between the victimisation of women and the cultural belief systems that must be honoured and respected while finding shipway to deal with the consequences and offer reparative solutions where possible. 1.2 Background Female genital mutilation, also known as... From this research it is clear that female genital mutilation, also known as female genital cutting a nd female circumcision, has been defined by the World Health Organisation as all procedures that involve the partial or total remotion of female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. Unlike male circumcision, there are no health benefits to female circumcision and often contribute to urination difficulties or difficulty in childbirth later in life. The procedure most often will occur between the ages of birth and 15 and is considered a violation against women by world organisations across agencies. There are an estimated 100 to one hundred forty million women who live with the consequences of the procedure with 92 million living on the African continent. There are four major types of FGM. These types are as follows Clitoridectomy partial or total removal of the clit (a small, sensitive and erectile part of the female genitals) and, in very rare cases, only the prepuce (the kris of skin surrounding the clitoris). Excision partial or total removal of the clitoris and the labia minora, with or without excommunication of the labia majora (the labia are the lips that surround the vagina). Infibulation narrowing of the vaginal opening through the creation of a covering revenue stamp. The seal is formed by cutting and repositioning the inner, or outer, labia, with or without removal of the clitoris. Other all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, e.g. pricking, piercing, incising, scraping and cauterizing the genital area.

Human Sleep-Wake Cycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human Sleep-Wake Cycle - Essay ExampleIn the decrement of circadian processes, pile homeostasis takes charge, allowing for sleep opportunities to dominate (Martinez-Rodriguez & Santamaria, 2005). As part of biological rhythm, patterns in sleep-wake cycle may vary, depending on developmental age, but some of its mechanisms remain the same. Anatomical Description Neurological in origin, sleep-wake cycle is governed by brain structures, which in turn regulates neurochemical mechanisms. On structural construct, hypothalamus in midbrain is home to suprachiasmatic nucleus, which primarily controls circadian patterns of being awake and incognizant (Conn, 2006). Progressively, arousal states in consciously-aware individuals are governed by several neurological part brainstem...thalamus, and basal forebrain. These anatomic landmarks are sources for several neurotransmitters, which chemically influence the sleep-wake cycle--promoting active or passive stimulation. Specifically, alerting is generated by chemical reactions with hyprocretin and locus coeruleus in hypothalamus and dopamine in thalamus, while sleepiness is induced by serotonin in brainstem and prostaglandin in forebrain (Stiller, & Postolache, 2005, p. 2008). Each is either inhibited or victimized in order to maintain balance between wakefulness and sleepiness. If a part malfunctions, other neurochemicals compensate, in advance disruptions in sleep-wake cycle manifest. ... In stage 1, there is initial drowsiness and progression towards light sleep. On the next stage, light sleep deepens into true sleep--consistently repeated at midnight. In the last two stages, 3 and 4, biologic functions are slower, and slow-wave category of sleep takes place. This frequently occurs early in sleeping episodes and account for less(prenominal) than a quarter of overall sleeping time. As NREM has been through, more active brain exertion signals entry into REM. Brain stimulation is intensive compared to previous levels in NREM, with distinctive rapid eye movement...muscle paralysis, and envisage (Davis & Parker, 2004). As NREM occupies earlier periods of sleeping time, REM is exhibited during early mornings. In cyclical manner, sleep levels moldiness pass from phases in NREM to REM, and constantly repeated as the chain is through--to achieve restful sleep. Sleep-wake Changes in Age Development Between the lengths of staying awake and falling asleep, there is a supposed difference in this aspect for young and older groups. Length of continuous sleep is shortest in newborns, with less than 4 mos, and increases by 2 hours as they get older--totaling to 14-16 hours per day. In adolescence stage, 10 to 12 hours of sleep is common (Davis & Parker, 2004). Nonetheless, shortened sleep in young children lengthens with age augmentation, and declines as old age approaches. Significantly, circadian wake indicator is an hour or two earlier in older ones hence, the range between staying awake and falling asleep is no longer proportional to that of younger samples (Billiard & Kent, 2003). The source for such alteration is traced back to circadian rhythm, where skeletal natural processes change the older generations ability to stay asleep. As circadian

The Reflective Practitioner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Reflective Practitioner - Essay drillSince its debut, the social site has grown exponentially, becoming the model for many some other social sites. A week after the billion dollar winner was released three other Harvard students proclaimed thefacebook.com was a joint venture. However, by then, the ingenious internet site could not be detonated. FaceBook had become one of the largest social media sites in the world. By 2010, the site traffic was in the millions and still growing (Carlson, 2010). The United States courts would have to decide who had a compensate to rake in the huge profits. Until Facebook, the most sophisticated social websites were chat rooms running blogs in real time. The only personal space for users was an inbox and a small picture profile. Zuckerberg introduced a wall concept, where users were represent in a much larger space. News feeds were added to traditional inboxes and favorites links. As the concept grew socially, naturally, businesses began to ta ke notice. The tautological room made it possible for businesses to pretend virtual billboards. Today, businesses capitalize on the massive connections obtained through a Facebook business page. If a 24 hour connection to billions of people around the world lead build your business climb aboard and build a Facebook business page, too. 1. Facebook for Small barter At least one billion people log on and interact through FaceBook, every day, all day, over the world. Thats over one billion reasons why your business should have a Facebook page. Everyone from recording artists to readiness gurus have packed up and moved into the worlds largest Internet community. The website continues to grow exponentially, connecting people and businesses. dismantle non-profit organizations have jumped on board to gain more exposure. Retailers of both products and services instantly become planetary by obtaining a website address and providing product, service, and contact information. In 2010, F aceBook launched the Small Business Saturday Facebook page, which pronounces the first Saturday following grace of God as a special day for shoppers. Partnering with Twitter and American Express, the application was developed to draw shoppers and to glossary small businesses with awesome applications and tools designed for eCommerce. The occasion is to encourage small shopping. Today, the the Small Business Saturday page has received almost 3 million likes. Although nothing can guarantee 100% success or increased activity consistently for a long period of time, a FaceBook business page comes delightful close. Smart entrepreneurs know that capitalizing on massive Internet traffic and superior marketing tools is a statute for success. When you register your small business with FaceBook, the high traffic is already established and marketing tools are already in place to guide you. And the beauty of the entire concept is its free. 2. Setting up Your Business Page Resist the urge to hire a contractor to build your Page. Building it yourself is simple and will reflect your personality, rather than that of a contractor. FaceBook Pages may be embedded with photos, videos, flash presentations and graphs, and direct links to other sites. Much like building a traditional web site, Facebook software and the help centre append steps to build a business page that will grab the interest of many (FB, 2012). You may always revise your Page by omitting or adding items to improve appearance and make it more practical. As your business changes, so will

The Origins of Slavery on English Mainland North America Essay

The Origins of Slavery on incline Mainland magnetic north America - Essay ExampleHowever, this too suggests that thraldom was an all important(predicate) institution within the colonies long before the need for outside support was necessary. decidedly it was a demand for labor which dragged the Negro to American shores, but the status which he acquired here cannot be explained by reference to that economic motive. Long before black labor was as economically important as unfree white labor, the Negro had been consigned to a special discriminatory status which mirrored the amicable secernment Englishmen practiced against him (Degler, 1959 62). Investigating the reasons why slavery became such an ingrained element within the North American continental society reveals a deep discrimination combined with a complicated philosophy toward already established social institution led to the development of slavery as it was practiced, regardless of when it appeared in colonial statues.W ith the introduction of people of darker skin, white man developed a quick and deep discrimination against these people who lived primitive lives and knew nothing of the higher orders of thinking involved in science and technology. While the English who settled the North American shores did not have a tradition of slavery within their culture, they were cognisant of the idea of slavery that was practiced in Spain and Portugal. As early as 1623, a voyagers hold published in London indicated that Englishmen knew of the Negro as a slave in the South American colonies of Spain. The book told of the trade in blacke people who were sold unto the Spaniard for him to carry into the West Indies, to remaine as slaves, either in their Mines or in any other servile uses, they in those countries put them to (Degler, 1959 53). This knowledge regarding the construction of slavery suggested lifetime servitude of the dark peoples rather than

Drug and GPA Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

dose and GPA - Assignment ExampleIntroduction The study on the effect of medicine on exclusive GPA is very useful and overcritical. This is owing to the fact that, in developed countries, one among four childlike people mingled with the age of 12 and 20 are involved in drug detestation and prodigal alcohol consumption. Several studies in United States learning institutions keep back also confirmed that drug abuse at young age significantly affects scholars academic performance. Drug abuse also results in increased conflict in schools and school dropouts. The threatening impacts of drugs and alcohol abuse on students GPA have therefore raised the need for intensive research to understand the manner in which drugs affect roam Point Average at all academic levels (Hommer, 2003). The study will also be critical in helping the policy makers in coming up with an effective intervention measures to address the problem. query question Does drug effect students GPA? Literature revi ew Williams, Powell &Wechsler, (2003, undertook intensive researches to understand the impact of drugs on GPA. Howver, among there researches, there is no study that has presented a convincing answer. The in stock(predicate) research findings in the daybook have however confirmed that drug abuse has a critical students GPA. Drusg also dertemines whether a student will remain in school or will terminate their education for other hearty purposes. Most of their studies that were conducted in the United States of America in 2003 and they linked drug abuse to various social challenges in higher learning institutions including school drop outs, hangovers, alcohol poisoning, Neuro-cognitive defects, and brain dysfunction (Williams, Powell &Wechsler, 2003).. ... Based on this research finding, it is also clear and accurate to observe that male GPA are largely modify by drug consumption more than their female counterparts. On their part, Zimmerman, Caldwell & Bernat, (2006), obrserved t hat male students who engage in excessive consumptions of alcohol and drugs have a poor GPA compared to female who are involved in the aforesaid(prenominal) social vice. Their study further indicated that the rate of drug abuse both in high schools and in other higher learning institutions is increasing at an alarming rate. Therefore, by considering the impact of drugs on students performance, (Zimmerman, Caldwell & Bernat, 2006) prize the importance of intensive research to intensively understand the manner in which drugs affects male and female students range Point Average (GPA) at all academic levels. The understanding of impact of drug abuse on male and female student GPA is also vital as it will help in searching for the most appropriate intervention measures to address the vice (Zimmerman, Caldwell & Bernat, 2006) Method The study used hit-or-miss method to identify the sample. Data was obtained from a sample from CSUN students in June, 2009 (N=541). This sample composed o f 35.6% males and 64.4% females. Respondents age was between 18-54 with mean age 25.4 (s=5.619). The sample was also from different ethical background, 20.6% Asian-Pacific Islander, 25.6% Latino/Hispanic 8.1, 39.1% Caucasian, African American, and 5.6% other. The available information also indicates that among the 36,208 students registered at CSUN43% are men and 57% are women. Ethnically, the population is composed of Asian-Pacific

(Operations Management) Key recent developments of operations design Assignment

(Operations Management) Key recent developments of trading operations image and practise in airline and automotive (car ) industry - Assignment Exampleself many non-homogeneous issues and activities through which an organizations goods and services are changed and transformed from the inputs that were put to the outputs that are produced. It is about the heterogeneous operations that are performed on the goods and services from the moment their production starts to the moment the customer receives it. Operations perplexity consists of ten areas in which an operations manager has to make the right decisions so as to fit the caller-ups strategic vision with what the budget allows, and to achieve that competitive advantage too, all at the corresponding time.A strategy is the course of action that a gild aims to take with respect to achieving a grumpy goal. Strategic fit would be when the company has very well integrated the firms missionary station as well as the strategies al ong with the internal capabilities that it has and the external environment that it has to survive in. thus, missions (what needs to be achieved) as well as the strategies (how it needs to be achieved) must be in alignment with what the company is capable of doing itself and how much the outside environment and externalities will allow it to perform. (Slack, 2005)As far as operations management is concerned, the operations manager has to take decisions in ten critical areas. They are product design, calibre management, process design, location selection, layout design, human resources, supply chain management, inventory, scheduling and maintenance. When it comes to operations management, the operations manager has a wide variety of choices as to how to go about it. Operations management is all about change magnitude the productivity of the company, thus efficiency has to be present, along with effectiveness in the first place.With the rise of competition, it buttocks be said that new methods need to be found which will keep an air onus company going and at least give him a place in the top charge service providers of the country. For this, many owners of the cargo

Corporate Social Responsibility Practices Essay

corporate Social Responsibility Practices - Essay ExampleThis essay stresses that intense competition plays a crucial voice in creation of sustainable development practices and enhancement of the quality of products and services. Corporate responsibility is regarded as the grad to which an organisation complies with the legal guidelines and looks after the welfare of the society. The contemporary condescension practices show significant levels of understanding surrounded by the responsible and good corporate practices. Stakeholders and shareholders have understood the value of CSR and are focused on integrate business activities with huge societal concerns that can lead to good management practices. CSR is regarded as a proficiency which helps the organisation in evaluation of the business activities and its impact on the society and environment through honorable and transparent decision making.This paper declares that the World Business Council for Sustainable Development stat es that the CSR approach is a business contribution to the sustainable economic development. CSR includes activities such as health and safety, corporate governance and ethics, environmental stewardship, human rights and sustainable development. It focuses on aspects such as community and societal involvement, development and investment, corporate philanthropy, employee volunteering, node satisfaction, anti-bribery, anti-corruption measures and adherence to the principles of fair competition. Business activities play a pivotal role in wealth and craft creation, but the central management concern of CSR would be efficient utilisation of natural capital. (Halal, 2000). CSR activities help in efficient utilisation of human resources and capital and increasing the employee retention rate. The brand image of the company is intensify because of the CSR activities performed by the organisation. Companies which recycle their products can effectively lower their expenditure. Customers are attracted towards companies which perform CSR activities efficiently. Whether or not a company implements CSR tools and techniques, the way it performs its business activities signifies clear intentions of the company. According to Hopkins (1999 cited in Sen and Bhattacharya, 2001), business organisations need to perform technical and non-commercial responsibilities with an equal amount of importance. The non-commercial responsibilities undertaken by the company should include the well-being of the society, community, environment, government etc. The stakeholder

Mid-Term Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Mid- - termination Paper ExampleSimilarly, DoE is in no way prohibited from taking pictures underwater in the same manner as it is accessible to familiar. This is more so because their space is not enclosed at bottom the premises of a firm and hence it is open to the scrutiny of the public. Thus, photographing such an area does not guess protection available under the Fourth Amendment against interference or surveillance. Besides, underwater photographs will not be able to capture any intimate details of the activities of the firm and, therefore, this cannot be construed as a ingrained violation. Moreover, the interests of the public have been the guiding factor in this boldness and DoE has a primary right to ensure that public safety is not put in hazard by the activities of a moneymaking(prenominal) organization. On the other hand, the underwater area where the photograph has been taken does not constitute a commonsensible expectation of privacy and hence it involves no v iolation of privacy. As such, the underwater photographing, a necessary exertion to safeguard public interest, in no way violates the privacy of the company and must be allowed. This case is similar because, in both cases the area that has been monitored is the space open to public and as such both cannot be considered as the premises of the companies. The court has ruled the way it did because, an action that did not involve any violation of the privacy, as the space is open to public, cannot be considered as the breach of the privacy or ravishment of the rights of the company.Freedom of Information Act is one of the salient laws enacted for extending the access of information about the government to the public (p.157). Under this act, a citizen can request a copy of documents in the custody of the government and in the normal circumstances he or she will be provided with the same unless it is expressly

Sakru japan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sakru lacquer - Assignment ExampleInterethnical differences, ambiguity, poor conference, as well as inconsistency could be the major feasible cases of the cultural problems experienced in the company. The effects of these problems include hostile and completely unpleasant effecting milieu for workers. This reason calls for a cultural training program aimed to solve cultural problems in the company. Through the cultural program, intercultural problems in the company would be solved through cross-cultural training. This would be done by organizing seminars in which workers from various racial and cultural backgrounds lavatory familiarize with one another. Workers without the Japanese cultural background can learn about the local culture from this kind of interaction. Encouraging employees to work closely with people of distinct cultures in order to learn about such cultures would as well solve this problem. The training would avow employees about the importance of experiencing various cultures. One of the advantages is the enhancement of communication among employees and customers, which furthers solves yet another problem, the poor communication problem in the company. The problem of inconsistency among employees productivity is a major cultural problem that would be solved through the cultural training program. The program would encourage employees from antithetical cultural background to work closely and assist one another. This not only encourages friendship but also makes workers adopt different working styles that can maintain their high performance. The Japanese are generally hard working people, which remember that poor performance can only be attributed to lack of motivation.

Argumentative Paper (Logical Fallacies) on Why Smoking is good for you Essay

Argumentative Paper (Logical F wholeacies) on Why Smoking is near(a) for you - Essay ExampleIt instills a sense of brightness in you and the aromatic flavor it exudes will actually lift your sprits and make you feel better. Many of my friends, when feeling dejected and demoralized, resort to smoking in dress to rev themselves up and Ive gossipn that it works. Really, a smoker never feels lonesome as he or she be passs capable of maintaining an intimate relationship with this indulgence. Its like a courtship and it revitalizes your soul. Bad habit, they say. But cogitate me theyre just incapable of recognizing the best and extracting it.Every human being will feel lonely at some point of time in their lives. Your friends may abandon you, your loved ones too. But commit me, your habit never does. So, any time you are lonely, you can depend on your cigarette. Just do not forget to carry a packet and a lighter in your pocket. I ensure your habit will never desert you. Ive seen pe ople with such dependence, and the habit of smoking has come to their rescue every time they feel lonely and dejected.People make a big diffuse and cry about the negative sides of smoking and believe that cigarette causes cancer. They do propaganda and conduct campaigns against this habit to constrain awareness in youngsters. Tobacco companies are forced to carry statutory warnings on their packets that Smoking Kills. To me, this is imperative nonsense. How can cigarettes cause such a dreadful disease as cancer? Also, are all cancer patients smokers? Not at allIf you take the case 10 patients and analyze it, you will see that the majority of them are nonsmokers. If a person who smokes happens to waste cancer, that doesnt mean that all smokers will have cancer. Its really a pity that we lay the blame on this harmless habit enchantment the actual cause may be genetical or physiological. One of my near relatives has died of cancer alone she has never so much as touched a cigarett e in her entire life. in that respect are many smokers who never had cancer. I know hundreds of them. So

Chinese and American High School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chinese and American High School - Essay ExampleSo, a student who is attentive but never speaks up is prone to receiving a lower grade. However, in America, students personal expression is valued heavily, which affects the final grade. Many housees argon based on group-based discussion, speeches, and schoolroom participation. The high schools of both the countries express cultural values. The Chinese classroom milieu is collectivist where the teacher is the authority and the students lead him, while an American classroom is individualistic where each and each student is given attention. Chinese teachers may call students in front of the class, and tell them to discuss the lesson or ask questions. American students take up it damaging for their self-esteem if they argon called individually in front of the class. They consider it shameful if they are not able to answer a question while the whole class looks at them. This is not the case in Chinese classrooms.To conclude, both the Chinese and the American high schools are fit for their own countrieseducation systems. Both have their own advantages and disadvantages, and their own systems of admissions and examinations. There are differences in classroom environments, parental concerns, teacher attention, and curricula. No matter how much different they are with respect to their classroom environments, teaching processes, and examination systems, the truth is that both countries high schools are trying their best to raise super qualified students who are able to go far ahead in their academic lives.

Telephone Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Telephone - Annotated Bibliography ExampleThis definitive earmark has been written as a guideline by Lotz and facilitates its readers with offering a road symbolize to the development and enhancement of the television. The set aside provides a unique prospect to have an insiders view into a charm account of innovation and perseverance. It also gives a glimpse of the present and future of television to those people who argon interested in knowing about it.The book emphasizes the significance of television in giving a culture and nation its form and shape. William argues that television has offered more chances of developing, expressing and carrying ourselves in a much better and improve manner. Besides this, he also discusses the impacts that this invention can possibly have on the future of this world.The book Media Effects and Research provides a well-elaborated and well-written introduction for the students and faculty researching upon the likely effects of the prevalence of m ass media in the society. The book, through its interesting style, provides the readers a fascinating piece of information on the theories and impacts of media.Holmes, in his book, stresses upon the arousing historic dealing between the culture of films and the British television during the year 1950s. He also argues upon the development of the film head and its impacts on the societies coming ahead. The book forms a vital part of the research by elaborating upon the shows, releases and film fares which contributed greatly towards forming the relations between societies and the developing media. Besides this, it also demonstrates the way cinema and television play their move in effectively unifying and becoming a unique form of development in the society.The book gives its readers an understanding of the television research in both, the qualitative and quantitative horizons. It

Positioning Statement Essay Example for Free

Positioning Statement EssayTo busy, cargoner oriented professionals who need convenient car services, jacket Car Service is a mobile car service company that specializes in servicing your vehicle at your place of employment or waitnce, giving you the ability to spend to a greater extent epoch world productive at work or spending metre with your family.My localize segments would be men and char who work a full time job because they are extremely busy and would non engender enough time to get their car serviced. Another segment would be to high end neighborhoods, because close to people who can turn over nice homes work a lot of hours. Often times those whom reside in high scale neighborhoods have two working adults in the household. This would mean they do not have a lot of time on their hands and would want to maximize their down time with their families. I would also target people who were making high salaries. People making high salaries are great at time managemen t and would realize it is not cost effective to take time off work to get their car serviced. If someone could come to their place of employment and service their vehicle, it would be more practical.My value proposition would be more for more. I believe this would be good because of the target market. By targeting those individuals who have high salaries and work full time jobs, they would pay a little more money for the convenience. They would have the most need for a mobile car service company and could afford it.

The Summer Song Essay Example for Free

The Summer Song EssayWhen youre atomic number 18 young, it feels like life will carry on forever, and youre very intelligent. Immortal is go ford to reveal the boys inflated egos, as they show off to each former(a) and Linda. Price shell have to pay This is adding to the idea of repaying debts, which is mentioned end-to-end the play, referring to different characters. It could similarly be a slight mention of Mrs Johnstone, Mickeys mother who gave birth to them both. She is still attached to both of them, even going so far as to give a locket with her video to Edward, who is now Mrs Lyons son.What fate the later seasons bring, This is adding to the metaphor of the lambs in spring. It is hinting towards the inevitable fate of the slaughter house that lambs face, which the boys concisely will. It is mentioned to worry the audience. The lyrics that fit into the foreshadowing category are Young, free and innocent, This is to emphasise that the boys are still children. Chippy This tells us that Mickey is nearing the end of his life. In the Its just a game scene, Mickey is threatened by frying in chip shop fat, so this is a signal that the boys he will die soon.Last cigarette Cigarettes are associated with death. Last cigarette is a prisoners pass luxury before theyre hanged. Its also an allusion to the biblical last supper. Ferry boat This is the idea that the lead are being taken to the land of the dead on the River Styx. Broken bottles in the sand, Broken bottles in the sand are hidden, and when you accidentally stand on them they surprise you. This is referring to how unaware the children are of their futures. Oil in the water This brings ideas of pollution, and corruption and spreading fate. Oil and water dont mix, they will always separate.This is like Mickey and Edwards friendship. The use of we in the final paragraph reminds us that we are powerless, and it is the narrator letting us know that hes in the same situation as us, unable to let the c haracters know of their fate. We do not know whether he is being sarcastic, or would actually like to let them know. Predict no changes in the weather, This reminds us that this happy summer will come to an end. The phone call is make up of rhyming couplets, which make it sound childish, and adds a sense of finality, so after the last rhyme, you know its over.For young, free and innocent, theres one word for each child. It also makes them seem vulnerable. You know that the innocence will be lost after the song. dreams and fifteen. Have a jar Para rhyme which interrupts quickly, like what will happen to their lives. The tune of the Summer Song is the first and the last song, Tell me its not true repeated in different fundaments. Our minds are taken back throughout the previous moments of the play and the first scene when we see Mrs Johnstone with the two dead boys. This connects the audience more to the characters, make it feel harder when the boys die.It suggests that this has happened before, and will happen again. After the first compose there is a pause in the medicine, to emphasise the narrators last words, The price shell have to pay for just being there. The audience dwells on the idea of the debt that Linda will have to repay, to make up for Mrs Johnstones debt. The line after the pause But render them alone, let them go and play, implies that summer is the peak of the year, when everything is at its best, and by the end of it everything is fully developed. It makes you debate of leisure, fun, high temperature and life.Unfortunately its fleeting, and is soon over, giving way to autumn when everything is wasting away, withering. Some of the lyrics could be portrayed as sarcastic. The song starts in Paradise, and then goes to a chip shop, then darkness, then a filthy beach. The purlieu seems to get worse and worse. It makes you wonder where they will be next. The first versify is played with a guitar and fairground music and the second is a sl eazy saxophone, which clashes with what the narrator is telling us about them being innocent.The last verse is said in a wishful tone, which makes us regretful because we know that these innocent, promising children will soon be dead. At the start of the song, when the children rush on, it gives you an idea of their carefree nature. The narrator interacts with the children throughout the scene. When he is the violate range man in the first verse, he offers the gun to the children, as if he is slyly hinting at their future. When Linda takes it and misses all three shots, we realise how they have changed, because when they were younger Linda was an excellent shot.The narrator throws them a coconut, and they begin a game of piggy-in-the- put and Linda gets caught in the middle, at which point they freeze. This is when the narrator talks about the girl in the middle of the pair, the price shell pay just for being there. It emphasises and foreshadows that she will have to choose betwee n the two. The theme of debt shows through here, with the debt transferring to Linda. In the next verse we see them lighting a cigarette, leaning on the lamppost, and fit their actions to the words. It has a untold more gr take in up feel than the previous verse.In the fourth verse they are at the beach, taking draws, the first of the two boys, the second of Edward and Linda and the third of Mickey and Linda. Edward and Lindas seem much more genuine and well matched. Then the narrator takes a picture of the three. This makes the audience wish that the children knew of their futures and it makes the picture look empty, and meaningless. When the three exit he says, and only if the three of them could stay like that forever, As if the picture he took could have been more than just a snapshot.It makes you wish time could have stopped. The music of the song is matched to the actions and words. The narrator is always hovering in the background, postponement for a chance to change sta te part of the scene. He is a constant presence throughout so the audience are never relaxed. They are always waiting for him to introduce another twist in the story. Before the Summer Song, he is quite far away, unremarkably in a corner. During it though, he is allowed to come closer to them, and his threats become much more dangerous. The devils got your numberhes agaze through your window changes to Hes screaming right inside you. The proximity of the narrator to the characters affects the tension of the scene. The overall message of the play is that the inequality of partitiones is very bad thing, which is enforced as we watch the brothers grow from babies to men, and watch them die. We become attached to them, and regret their death, almost as if its our own fault. The song is when they make the transition from boys to men, and when they become their own people and their true feelings begin to show.Mickey represents the lower class, and Edward the higher. Linda is temptatio n and the narrator is fate. We see the lower class and the upper class tear each other apart. The second act is darker, as the dream knowledge domain of child hood, which is reflected in the first half of the summer song, becomes the cold harsh reality of the 80s. I think that the message that Russell wanted to imprint upon the audience is class is a cruel thing, tearing family and friends apart. The play made me feel sad, and shocked by how Mickey was driven mad enough to shoot his own brother.

Management and Organizational Bahaviour Essay Example for Free

centering and Organizational Bahaviour EssayQ.No.1.The major challenge Management faces today is living in a world of turbulence and uncertainitywhere new competitions arrive daily and competitive conditions channelize. Explain with an example of each unmatched product or service in the market . Validate your answer with research findings /stastical information . What measures send packing be taken to meet these challenges? Ans 1.A Challenge of ChangeThe systems and the individuals working in the organisations commence a great challenge to deal with the compound. The principle of dynamism and the theory of Ignore and Perish, Change and treat have come to stay and the governments have to respond positively to the ever-changing purlieu. The challenge of change demands that the organizations run low more transpargonnt and open and the employees atomic number 18 debaten more autonomy. The institutions have to more concentrate on the quality of its battalion than product. The wind of change is affecting the organizations all over,from north to south and from east to west. Managers must perform a new organizational space where those (new) capabilities stack be organizeed.There are three possible paths to do that. Managers privy * create new organizational structures within corporate boundaries in which new processes bottom of the inning be developed, * spin out an independent organization from the existing organization and develop within it the new processes and values required to solve the new problem, * acquire a different organization whose processes and values closely match the requirements of the new task * Business Process Outsourcing is further going to fall upon importance and the mingled processes in the production are going to be narrowed down into various parts. * The experiences of mergers and acquisitions could be followed for better presence in the market. ExampleChanging market scenario wellness check Devices In dustryMedical device market is quite diverse which includes medical and diagnostic equipment medical implants like heart valve and cardiac stents, pacemakers, cannulae, knee joint joints and lower end plastic dispos fitteds, blood bags, IV sets, syringes etc.. Even within the same root of implants, at that place are diverse products which may have hardly anything in common for examples, Intra-ocular lens and knee joints. According to one(a) source, in 2012, the Indian medical devices and diagnostics market has been estimated to have reached Rs. 139bn ,that had potential drop to go at a CAGR of 23.2 percent over the period 2009-13. It has been estimated the market will grow by an fair of 15.6 row percent over the next few days, to around USD 4.8bn by 2015 . Increasing physicians awareness and increase patients requirement to avail high quality care are amongst the driving force for such(prenominal) a growth rate. Figure Indian medical devices market size and forecast (09-13) (USD mn)Source KPMG-CIIIn India, there are around 700 medical device makers however, major players remain the foreign companies. Few major players in medical devices perseverance include B. Braun Medical(I)Pvt. Ltd BL Life sciences Ltd 8.3 Baxter India Bayer diagnostics India Ltd Godrej Industries LtdJohnson Johnson Medical India (JJMI) Ltd Nicholas Piramal India Ltd Opto Circuits (I) Limited Philips Electronics India Ltd (Medical Systems Division) Roche Diagnostics India Siemens India Ltd Span Diagnostics Ltd Trivitron Medical Systems Wipro Biomed Ltd Wipro GE Medical Systems.Coping with the Change* To constantly sort out people in new technology, new line of reasoning practices and new paradigms. * Synergize organizational objectives with individual aspirations * Training Managers at all levels some(prenominal) in behavioral knit as well as technical field as people are not going to be sitting face to face plainly will be connected mouse to mouse. * As the consumers are bec oming more aware, the organizations have to delay their employees for better customer similitudeship wariness (CRM). The individuals who are able to learn new competencies quickly are going to be valued more in this fast changing environment. Fundamentally, all organizations from the military to schools to hospitals to somebodyal enterprises need to dramatically increase the pace of change if they are going to thrive. * The organizations have to create an aureole where the employees from bottom level to the heyday level have a positive attitude towards change.* Particular attendance needs to be paid to young employees. They are a companys long depot investment. The contribution they make is dependent on how quickly they commit themselves to their work, and what they do about it . Three things can be said about change in todays intense competitive environment its hard, its necessary, and most people are bound to resist it. The question for leaders, then, is what actually ma kes change happen? Change is sensed as one of the most dynamic activity. It is more important to commend about our roles in the changing environment rather than concentrating on what makes change happen. The fashion changes, individuals change, only dopey and dead never change their opinion so the opinions change, demands change, needs change and so does the market, trade and business and further so does our attitude change. executives are recognizing that their most important need is to have managers who deal with change and complexity by growing and by developing their capacities.A Note for the FuturePresent organizational structure of course it has changed from what it was before 10 years but in coming few years it is further going to change. As far as the interface of technology and business goes, its effortless to predict what the characteristics of the next big thing will be transparency, egalitarianism, immediacy, convenience, and economy. Nor is it difficult to hazard a hypothecate on where its utility will be felt most the way we work, the way we live the way we interact and the way in which we address larger problems related to the environment.The rising of work and the future of business is going to be decided by the methods and approaches followed by the organizations to face the challenge of change. The way the industry has reacted to the waves of change, we can expect that there is going to be better management of people and the human factor out is going to be the most important factor in the coming days. The existence of knowledge ordination would certainly provide better out project and perspective for thinking but the need is to be more cautious and more judicious in decision qualification for deciding the future course of military actionQ.No.3How can a leader transform potential into reality? What type of lead is best suitable in service providing units like healthcare centers? Give reasons for your choice. Ans.3.IntroductionA lea der is an individual who is able to demonstrate a particular proposition set of roles, behaviours to influence the attitudes and behaviours of others. It is usually a group phenomenon. Two specific aspects of being a leader are 1. The individual attributes or looks needed to be an centreive leader. 2. The organizational skills required to manage the process of changeKeys to Effective leadingTrust and confidence in top leaders was the single most reliable predictor of employee satisfaction in an organization. Effective communication by leading in three critical areas was the key to winning organizational trust and confidence 1. fate employees understand the companys overall business strategy. 2. Helping employees understand how they contribute to achieving key business objectives. 3. Sharing information with employees on both how the company is doing and how an employees own division is doing relative to strategic business objectives. Turning potential into Reality the Leaders hip challengeThe leader must analyse the following issues while framing a vision of growth of organization 1. Recognize the capabilities of the organization2. Recognize the decisions that need to be made and the changes that must occur 3. Recognize the importance of people in achieving the vision 4. Recognize your needs in relation to the larger organizationThese four issues align with four phases for achieving the vision physical body 1 Analyze your organizationPhase 2 Develop your organizationPhase 3 Value and develop your peoplePhase 4 Maintain and develop your sphere of influenceLeadership StylesLeadership style is the way in which a leader accomplishes his purposes. It can have profound proceedss on an organization and its staff members, and can determine whether the organization is effective or not. Leadership style depends on the leaders and organizations conception of what leadership is, and on the leaders choice of leadership methods. Depending how those fit together, a le ader magnate adopt one of a variety styles, each reflected in the way the organization operates and the way its staff members relate to one another.* Autocratic totally in control, making all decisions himself * Managerial concerned with the smooth operation, rather than the goals and effectiveness, of the organization * Democratic consulting with others, encouraging equality within the organization, but making final decisions herself * Collaborative sharing leadership, involving others in all major decisions, spreading ownership of the organization. Other viewpoints of leadership styles are* Transactional or autocratic (Burns, 1978). This might have been called in the past the top down approach or autocratic leadership.* Transformational/interactional (Burns, 1978). Transformational leadership is aligned to democratic forms of leadership. It is a leadership style based upon embracing change and encouraging innovation. * reincarnation or modern (Cook, 1999 Renaissance leadershi p requires the effective use of power, influence and the ability to network to mark off key decision makers support changes. * Connective. There are sympatheticities between both transformational and renaissance styles (Ewens, 2002) although this type of leadership is less likely to delegate in a way that empowers the workforce. The focus is that of building collaborative structures and net whole caboodle to effect change2. Defining the task Focus on an objective that is SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timely). Adaptive leadership for health care sectorA new kind of leadership is needed for health care. It is both figuring out why the current approaches arent sufficient and surfacing how the forces at play in the system allow incremental efforts or the status quo to carry the day. It takes courage to identify the tough issues and create change, even when you are uncertain about the outcome. The adaptive nature of the challenges in health care demands that pe ople see themselves as orchestrating conflict rather than resolving it, holding the attention of others to the harder issues rather than taking the essence off of their shoulders, confronting dearly-held legacy behaviors that prevent deep change from taking root rather than tolerating them, identifying and then allow go of values and behaviors that are getting in the way, and making your own adaptations. presently Practiced Currently NeededRely on tradition and past approaches Launch many experiments identify emerging solutions put on Best Practice Create Next PracticeOvercoming Competing Commitments For people in senior authority, this type of leadership is different than what people expect You can develop these skills and apply them to a variety of adaptive challenges. modification is more than surviving it is about mobilizing people and creating environments that are more robust and resilient, environments for people to thrive. With the right focus, you can engage people in adaptive work and nurture the new DNA that will boost wellness and healing that brings your organization into the futureQ.No.5. What are the indicators which tell you about the HRD climate in a healthcare centre? Ans 5. HRD stands for Human Resources Development in a business or an organization. humour meant the atmosphere in the company, especially a supportive atmosphere that allows staff members to develop their skills for the benefit of the company.Management IndicatorsIdeally, HR and other management indicators are constructed from generally available data and describe constituents of organisational activity, namely inputs, processes and outputs. It is this data that managers use in monitoring and as a basis for decision making. The indicators are usually created by linking two separate pieces of data to form a ratio. The indicators literally provide an indication of the relative stir of key determinants of ability and effectiveness in comparison to norms of organisational activity. These norms may be derived from external comparisons with other similar organisations internal comparisons with the previous performance of the organisation comparisons with some pre-determined standard.Indicators of HRD Climate in Health sectorIndicators can be developed to examine all the different elements of organisational performance.The four main elements of performance which require management attention are illustrated here using indicators focused on HR aspects Inputs this covers the resources introduced into the health system. Human resources history for the majority of health service costs and are therefore the most significant input. In making comparisons between health system units or over time it is useful to be able to look at measures such as-relative proportions of different staff types and grades-staff costs in relation to the total health service expenditure numbers of staff relative to the local population. Processes This looks at how the health servi ce works as an organisation. In the HR dimension, process issues include organisational environment in which people work and the effect this might have on their performance, as well as more direct measures of HR efficiency with respect to the way the HR resources are used. Thus * staff turnover rates the actual to aforethought(ip) staff ratio the ratio of new staff recruited to new staff trained all give an indication of the quality of the organisational environment. * Bed occupancy rates to staff employed, on the other hand, provide a more direct relationship between HR and other resources inputs in the health care process. Outcomes These are the products of the organisation. This is particularly difficult to measure in health service systems as there is little stipulation on ways of measuring health outcomes (ie. the change in health status for a person having been in the health care system). Usually the best that can be managed are proxy measures such as overall population mort ality rates to staff employed. Outputs Outcomes are often expressed in so-called intermediate output measures such as the number of patients treated. This data can be more easily measured, but does not give an accurate picture of how health status is affected. Typical HR output measures could include* the number of nurses per thousand clinic attendances* trained nurses/ midwives per 1000 live births.Peters and Waterman (6) identify the 7Ss strategy, structure, skills, style of management, systems, staff, divided up values as key interrelated factors determining the performance of an organisation. The HR elements in this (staff, skills, shared values and structure) can be expected to play a significant role in changing organisational performance. The most common words used to assess the impact of these related elements are efficiency, effectiveness and quality.

Swot of Starbucks and Coffee Bean Essay Example for Free

Swot of Starbucks and java Bean Essay coffee bean Bean as compared, do non leave that oftentimes enfranchisement stores like Starbucks because they are not that profitable. 2) The Starbucks organization has strong ethical values and an ethical mission didactics as follows,Starbucks is committed to a role of environmental leadership in all reckonts of our business. They wish to convince the lifestyle of the peoples and they have succeeded in doing so, once people wish to drink coffee the first blot that comes into the mind is Starbucks 3) Compared to Starbucks, Coffee Bean is involved in more community responsibilities and through this activity they have attracted more customers. ) Starbucks and Coffee Bean both face the same weaknesses because no matter how they innovate the bleak flavor, peoples taste might change in time, they cant make much different changes on coffee, which is the weakness of this business. 5) Coffee Bean faces the problem of franchise policy, they do not construct it perfectly and we cant get the Coffee Bean shop anywhere exclusively like Starbucks. 6) Starbucks is very good at taking advantage of opportunities. In 2004 the company created a CD-burning portion in their Santa Monica (California USA) cafe with Hewlett Packard, where customers create their own music CD.Moreover, new products and services that can be retailed in their cafes, much(prenominal) as Fair Trade products. 7) Starbucks has the opportunity to expand its global operations. New markets for coffee such as India and the Pacific Rim nations are beginning to emerge. 8) Starbucks gained the opportunity because they have co- dirting with other manufacturers of food and drinks, and brand franchising to manufacturers of other goods and services. Both have potential while Coffee Bean does not have it. 9) However, Coffee Bean still has a market potential because their taste is slightly different from Starbucks.Their prices are to a fault cheaper than Starbucks, w hich makes their product more affordable to middle or lower class people. 10) Actually both companies face similar threats. Who knows if the market for coffee will grow and stay in favour with customers, or whether some other type of beverage or leisure activity will replace coffee in the approaching? People will start to consider their health problems, some people are sensitive with caffeine so will these people change to drinking other beverages instead of coffee?

Wine and Probable Cost Driver Essay Example for Free

Wine and Probable terms Driver EssayPeter Catalanos Verde Vineyards in Oakville, California produces three varieties of wine-coloured Merlot, Viognier, and Pinot Noir. His winemaster, Kyle Ward, has identified the following activities as cost pools for accumulating overhead and assigning it to products. For each of Verdes fifteen activity cost pools, identify a verisimilar cost driver that might be used to assign overhead costs to its three wine varieties. 1. Culling and re go downing. Dead or overcrowded vines be culled, and new vines argon planted or relocated. (Separate vineyards by variety. ) Labor instant 2. Tying.The posts and wires are reset, and vines are tied to the wires for the dormant season. Labor hour 3. Trimming. At the end of the harvest the vines are cut and trimmed back in preparation for the next season. Labor hour 4. Spraying. The vines are sprayed with chemicals for egis against insects and fungi. Gallons of chemical 5. Harvesting. The grapes are hand-picked, placed in carts, and transported to the crushers. Number of cartfuls or labor hours 6. Stemming and crushing. Cartfuls of bunches of grapes of each variety are separately loaded into machines which remove stems and gently crush the grapes.Number of cartfuls 7. Pressing and filtering. The crushed grapes are transferred to presses which automatically remove the juices and filter out bulk and impurities. Gallons of juice 8. Fermentation. The grape juice, by variety, is fermented in either stainless-steel tanks or oak barrels. Gallons of juice 9. Aging. The wines are aged in either stainless-steel tanks or oak barrels for whiz to three years depending on variety. Gallons of wine or months of aging 10. Bottling and corking. Bottles are machine-filled and corked. Number of nursing bottles 11. Labeling and boxing. Each bottle is labeled, as is each nine-bottle case, with the name of the vintner, vintage, and variety. . Of bottles 12. Storing. Packaged and bo xed bottles are stored awaiting shipment. of boxes 13. Shipping. The wine is shipped to distributors and private retailers. of shipments 14. Heating and air-conditioning of plant and offices. Number of gallons processed 15. Maintenance of buildings and equipment. Printing, repairs, replacements, and general maintenance are performed in the off-season. of gallons processed.

The knights Galahad and Gawain Essay Example for Free

The knights Galahad and Gawain EssayThese two came from kind of different backgrounds, yet there are similarities in that they two spent considerable time in search of the holy grail a vessel or plate used a the last supper. Nowadays if we say we are looking for the holy grail we mean the almost unobtainable , perfect solution, but these were looking for a real, in their eyes at least, object, that really could be found if one and only(a)s character was perfect.Galahad was the illegitimate son of Lancelot and Elaine, and grew up in a nunnery. Merlin prophesied that Galahad would outdo his fathers deeds of bravery. In Malorys Le Morte dArthur he is considered to be very pious and to this is imputed his success. He does not speak much to others, is totally upright and must have seemed aloof, almost inhuman too good to be true. He eventually finds the grail, and because of his clear life is taken up to heaven.Gawain is a much more human character that we can split understa ndAccording to Welsh sources he was the son of king Lot and younger brother of Galahad, who has a rather different personality. He is portrayed as loyal and brave, helpful to others, but also rather brash. He is a ladies man, unlike the celibate Galahad. He is also said to have been a capital healer and defender of the poor.For some reason his strength was said to vary considerably perhaps this reflects the mood that his life wasnt always pure. His character varies from a pure knight in the 12th coulomb stories to an altogether more unpleasant version in later stories such as Gawain and the Green knight from the second half of the 14th century, in which he is said to be a philanderer and one who doesnt keep his word. Despite this he is associated in Welsh with the ancient Celtic sun god.Whether or not there really was an Arthur and his knights we cannot tell, but reading the stories we all know people like Gawain, multifactorial characters, who vary in their personality from ti me to time. The saintly Galahad, man apparently without fault, is a much rarer find.BibliographyDrabble,M. editor, The Oxford colleague to English Literature, Oxford Oxford University Press, 1996Malory,T. Le Morte dArthur first published Caxton, 1485Electronic SourcesArthur and Arthurian Legendhttp//membres.lycos.fr/pfv/ukversion.shtmlEarly British Kingdoms, found 2nd May 2007 athttp//www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/bios/gwalchgn.html

Jacques Family Case study Essay Example for Free

Jacques Family upshot study Essay national violence has several mitigating admittancees, and the health c atomic number 18 approach has proved to be fruitful. By gathering feedback from victims of home(prenominal) violence in a health care setting, has helped to create sensation as puff up as demystify the phenomenon eventually helping to create more accurate interjection strategies (Enos et al, 2004.p 4).It has also been noned from studies that baby birdren who grow up in homes where they experience domestic violence are in all probability to be perpetrators of the same in their adult deportment (National resource Centre on Domestic Violence, 2002. p 6). The co-occurrence of child abuse and intimate partner violence is an issue that needfully to be professionally addressed. The impact on domestic violence on children cannot be explained by one theory.Assumptions about the Jacques family there is a co-occurrence of child abuse and intimate partner violence in the Ja cques family. This is seen when Jacques physically abuses Samuel when the boy tries to help his mother from the fathers attack. Jacques verbally abuses Samuel, as seen in the case study. The husband, Jean Jacques is an volcanic man, with an inclination towards violence.This is likely to be a medical condition. Jean has a manipulative attitude and coercive towards his family. Marie suffers from depression as a result of the continued violence and a feeling of having wasted her life by not pursuing the nursing course. Marie has had a troubled childishness and early adulthood as is stated in the case study. Her father physically do by her. Samuels father actually abused her sexually as evidenced by her feelings to go for an abortion.Marie is essentially a responsible and intelligent woman. Marie has not contributed to the violence in the family in any way. The family has lost close ties with their paternal relatives/extended family. The children feel a sense of insecurity towards their father and suffer from various behavioral/ attitudinal disorders (National Resource Centre on Domestic Violence, 2002. p 7).Data, facts, information, and observations about this familyJean Jacques is an unstable man, with an inclination towards violence is evidenced by the fact that when Samuel tries to interfere to save his mother Jean violently throws the boy across the room and ignores the cries of the little children Valerie and Miranda. The fact that blue jean used a baseball bat to batter his wife proves he has an inclination towards violence as well as being of relatively unstable mind. He does not need to use a base ball bat. The injuries sustained, and the feelings of depression by Marie demonstrate the extent of the violence. Marie has grown to fear her husband and fearing he will come home from jail to kill her demonstrates this.Jean would hit Marie for no reason, yell at the kids and use abusive language towards Sammy who is not his son. He has an alcoholic prob lem. He even abandons his family and goes away. Has trouble quiescence and claims he hears strange voices. He feels scared of himself. His violent outbursts cause his family to be denied the go of homeless shelters. A accessible worker had to intervene for the family to read admission to a domestic violence shelter.Jean has a manipulative attitude and domineering towards his family. This is seen when he demoralized Marie from pursuing her dream in nursing. Jean discouraged his wife from visiting her family as well as discouraging her family to visit her. He domineered over her denying her the remunerate and freedom of association by becoming possessive and consequently Marie had no booster rockets.Marie suffers from depression. She has lost motivation to be productive. She has no motivation to seek employment, perform her househ honest-to-goodness chores, and provide quality parenting to her children. Marie has had a troubled childhood and early adulthood. She was physically a bused by her father. The father of her first child Samuel sexually abused her at age 19 days. She was vulnerable and hence fell for Jean who promised her a better life and security.Marie is basically a responsible and intelligent woman. She expresses desire to be supportive of her husband as a duty. She desires to take after nursing to support her family. Marie has attempted to restore their relationship. She suspects that jean is having a drug problem. This is found to be truthful when the family comes back from Bahamas. She took Jean back after one year when Jean supposedly went back to his medicine and started applying for jobs.Marie graduated from high school with straight As. The family has lost close ties with their paternal relatives/extended family. thither is no mention in the case study of Jeans relatives and the fry Protective Services groundsworker could not trace any relatives. The children feel insecure about their father. Samuel tries to save his mother from the violent attack objet dart Joshua calls the police. Samuel does not feel attached to Jean anymore.Jean is not essentially a bad man. In their initial old age in marriage Jean was a responsible man and took care of Sammy as his own child. Though he is violent towards his wife he apologizes for the violence. He agrees to seek psychiatric advice upon Maries request. Jean makes his family more comfortable when he gets employed. He agrees to let Marie take the children to Bahamas.Concerning the children Samuel is 13 years old and feels like he no longer belongs to this family. He is constantly teased by the siblings as well as Jean for being black. He suffers from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disorder. He is donnishally average and manages to get Cs and Ds. He is getting into more problems at school including fights and poor academic performance. Molests junior children at school and is physically and verbally aggressive to his younger siblings.He copies Jean s behavior in that he has physically attacked his mother. He is unfriendly. His accomplishments in karate programs demonstrate his inclination towards violence.Joshua is 11years old, he is telling and reserved. He is academically average and manages to get Bs and Cs. He has one friend Joe, and wishes his friends family were his family. He sees Joes family as normal peck and this means that he sees his family as abnormal. He feels that his father would eat up killed his mother had he not called in the police. He is having trauma and stock-still he cares for his father. He is at risk of failing as a result of traumatic experiences. Has nature problems, he refuses to bathe. He loves solitude. He is a responsible child, helpful in the house and loves school.Valerie is 9 years old. She is quiet and withdrawn child. She is kind and eager to please. She is above average and bright. She manages straight As. She is well wish by peers and teachers, though she does not accessibleize with her friends outside school. She is a responsible child and takes care of her younger siblings. She is friendly to Joshua but antagonistic towards Samuel.Miranda is 6 years old, she is a friendly but withdrawn child and does not perform well at school. She seems to be disturbed and disconnected from her immediate surroundings. Has nightmares that proves she is disturbed.Matthew is 4 years old. He does not seem to be doing well at school, he is very active physically with an inclination towards violence. He is basically uncooperative.Interpretation the information about this familyFrom the observations about the children in the Jacques family it is important to disgrace that they all demonstrate varying degrees of emotional and psychological deficits. This has been found to be the case from studies conducted on children who have been exposed to domestic violence (National Resource Centre on Domestic Violence, 2002. p 6).The children in this family are unable to socialize with their peers as this is demonstrated by their unfriendliness and disability to keep friends. Children are likely to reckon themselves as the cause of the violence and feel held captive by their inability to stop the violence. This may more or less likely cause the child to internalize, and this situation is made worse by their inability to acquire social skills (National Resource Centre on Domestic Violence, 2002. p 7).Conclusions about this familyThe Jacques family needs medical interventions. From the observation in the case study it demonstrates Jacques has a medical condition and having exposed his entire family to the violence the whole family needs the relevant medical intervention for each age bracket. Studies have shown there does not exist a single intervention strategy that fits all cases (National Resource Centre on Domestic Violence, 2002. p 15). sermon for this familyGiven that Marie has on several attempts tried to restore their relationship with Jacque it would be appropri ate to engage the services of both the Domestic Violence programs (DV) and the Child Protective Services (CPS) more seriously. The CPSs approach focuses on protecting the children date at the same clip propagate the preservation of the family unit while the DV facilitates the safety of the victim. There are several joint programs surrounded by DV and CPS that would be helpful in this case (National Resource Centre on Domestic Violence, 2002. p 16).Empirical StudiesCase 1 In handling Domestic violence related problems it is important to understand that factors such as age of the child, its gender, and the time that has passed since the last exposure to violence, the childs attachment to the friendly parent and other important individuals and social supports in its life are the determining factors that influence the impact of the violence on the child (National Resource Centre on Domestic Violence, 2002. p 19).Case 2 The mistreat of children and violence against females are con-cur rent. round 500,000 may be found by police during arrests for domestic violence. An overlap of between 30%-60% exists between violence against women and violence against children in the same families (National Resource Centre on Domestic Violence, 2002. p 20).Case 3 If safety and other pertinent interventions are not available the impact of the exposure to domestic violence and child abuse can spill over into the childs adolescence. Young people who have been exposed to domestic violence at home are likely to replicate the violence (National Resource Centre on Domestic Violence, 2002. p 20).ReferencesEnos V, P., Linden, J, A., Tieszen, L., Bernstein, J. Brown, J. (2004) An Intervention To Improve Documentation Of Intimate ally Violence In Medical Records. U.S Department of justice. Retrieved February 23, 2009 from http//www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/207146.pdfKelleher, K., Gardner, W., Coben, J., Barth, R., Edleson, J. Hazen, A., (2002). Co-Occuring Intimate companion Viol ence and Maltreatment Local Policies/Practices and Relationships to Child Placement, Family Services and Residence. U.S Department of justice. Retrieved February 23, 2009 from http//www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/213503.pdfNational Resource Centre on Domestic Violence. (2002). Children Exposed To Intimate Partner Violence. Retrieved February 23, 2009 from http//new.vawnet.org/Assoc_Files_VAWnet/NRC_Children.pdf

Why We Shouldnt Illegalize Guns Essay Example for Free

Why We Shouldnt Illegalize Guns EssayThe Sandy Hook shooting. The theater shooting. What do they have in common? Guns. The question though, is how we should limit them. Many think that we should completely illegalize them, still when is it re everyy going to solve the p soplem? The truth of the matter is that guns dont extinguish pile the criminal that wields the gun kills people. Limiting the use of guns is zero(prenominal) an ideal solution and it volition not debar criminals from killing others.Its understandable that many people want to completely restrict guns because of their personal experiences or tragedies of someone they know dealing with shootings or guns. Its also understandable that gun faithfulnesss be passed only to look out for the safety of others. Guns can be really dangerous once its lay in the wrong hands. Saying from complete honesty, we can all agree that guns actually do uphold criminals kill or injure the innocent. Using a gun, a thief can easi ly rob a bank, or even a psychopath can easily gun d make a school with just a press of a trigger. I mean, guns are dangerous right?Yes and no. Yes, because they can be a tool for evil and destruction. No, because they dont cause people to kill others, they serve only as a catalyst for the inevitable. If someone is insane enough to pick up a gun and kill innocent civilians, the problem doesnt lie within the gun, but the perceiver of the gun. This means that the thought of killing someone else will eventually manifest whether guns are present or not. Taking away guns isnt going to make criminals mentally sane or even less(prenominal) dangerous. The problem shouldnt be emphasized on the tool the perpetrator used, but on the perpetrator himself. Saying that it was a gun that caused a person to kill is like saying if someone had a knife, he would automatically go out and slaughter innocent bystanders. Intentions are intentions. If someone really valued to kill another person, they woul d, with or without a gun.But ok. Say a law was passed to illegalize all guns. Would it finally be a stop to all the madness and violent killings in America? Of rail not. Illegalizing guns will only take away firearms from the law abiding citizens. Criminals that are likely to commit crimes are the ones that wont abide to laws. And even if its against the law, whose stopping the criminals from obtaining arms illegally? This means that the law abiding citizens will have no guns to protect themselves, and the people that dont follow laws will have guns regardless.Even though a series of recent tragic events occurred, it shouldnt mean that owning guns should be made illegal. Illegalizing firearms will not cause anything but even more chaos. In fact, Crime rate in Great Britain have doubled since handguns were banned a considerable with heavy restriction on long guns. Clearly, illegalizing guns will not decrease crime rates, but instead, increase them.Illegalizing guns. It does not seem to be a relevant response to recent shootings. Even if looking out for the safety of fellow citizens of America is the main goal, making guns illegal will not solve anything. The issue of the matter lies within the intentions of the gun wielder. though guns may be a destructive tool, it is still the persons responsibility to adequately own and operate the gun while obeying the laws. Guns themselves might seem like the easiest thing to blame for unforgivable crimes but, in truth, America should first focus on the people and the logical part of the situation.

A Membrane-Enclosed Nucleus Essay Example for Free

A Membrane-Enclosed Nucleus EssayThey argon very sm whollyindividually non more than integrity single cellhowever there are normally millions of them together, for they understructure multiply really fast. A number of bacterium cause disease, these are called pathogenic bacteria. Fortunately our immune system knows how to deal with them. However not all bacteria are bad guys. We need bacteria to stay alive. Bacteria are prokaryotes (single cells that do not contain a nucleus). Microbiology is the study of prokaryotes, eukaryotes and viruses. Did you know that bacteria can get sick too. Bacteriophages are capable to attach themselves to certain types of bacteria and inject their genetic material in the bacterial cell. Then, using the bacterial machinery, the DNA multiplies itself. Eventually from this multiplied genetic information so many new bacteriophages are create that the cell bursts. The offspring of the bacteriophage has destroyed its bacterial host, and in so doing m illions of new bacteriophages are released. These can attach themselves to new bacteria to complete their life cycle.With our immune system we defend ourselves against a bacterial infection. Antibiotics can help us win the battle. When you report a bacterial infection to your physician, you are in all probability prescribed antibiotics. The term antibiotics (literally against living things) is mainly used for substances that kill or prevent the growth of bacteria, as opposed to antiviral or antifungal substances. Antibiotics are not active against viral infections. Antibiotics are extremely important in medicine, but unfortunately bacteria can become resistant to them.Antibiotics have likely been around nearly as long as microorganisms have, and nature has provided bacteria with means to overcome their action. foeman to antibiotics can become problematic, for it makes these powerful medicines completely ineffective. Some bacteria have learned to deal with lots all types of anti biotics we have available, and this can cause real problems in health institutions. Strict quarantine measures are needed to prevent the spread of such superbugs for we have little weapons left against them.

A Prime Example of Authoritative Parenting Essay Example for Free

A Prime modelling of Authoritative Parenting EssayParental styles have a well-documented influence on children, and play a concentrated role in a childs development. Authoritative parenting has been proven to potentially reduce a childs risk of associating with antisocial peers, and deter engagement in delinquent behavior. Authoritative parenting has besides been shown to raise adults that have healthy emotional adjustment and prosocial behavior. My parents used an exacting parenting style that created a stable, engaging, fiery and nurturing childhood for me. I plan on being an authoritative parent. It worked well in my family, and because research twain contemporary and historically states that authoritative parenting is the preferable style.My family is an American nuclear family composed of a father, mother and cardinal siblings. My father Jim is a very successful architect and entrepreneur and my mother Michele is the CFO of their businesses, which allowed her to be a stay at home mother for me and my older brother Kristopher. My parents are a solid showcase of the authoritative parenting style their parenting style created a stable, engaging, warmly and nurturing childhood for me. I believe the productive and trenchant business relationship they developed as business partners directly influenced how well they parented, and that their experience in peg decision making especially benefited their parenting, and ultimately me as well.Throughout my childhood and adolescence they were a solid authoritative parenting team, which helped them create a home with a lot of structure. Minuchin, as quoted by Omer, Steinmetz, Carthy and Schlippe (2013), says Structure plays a of the essence(p) role in promoting a stable and secure frame for family life (Minuchin, 1974). I strongly purport that the structure positively affected my development by minimizing conflict and confusion. I believe my parents personalities also greatly influenced why and how they are authoritative parents. My mother is intelligent, articulate, willful, persistent, ethical, logical, and astonishingly organized.My mother has a hold personality, and is a woman whose actions are primarily the result of reason not her emotions, which is rare for women. However, she is an incredibly warm and nurturing mother who has always been emotionally available for me. I feel these positive traits influenced why I generally listened to her advice and direction, as she was a reliable and available mother. I have always immensely respected and love

World War One To An Armistice In 1918 History Essay

ground War One To An Armistice In 1918 History EssayThe failure of the spring offensive in 1918 indicated that Germ whatsoevers military defeat was imminent. The collapse of Bulgaria and the desperate situation on the Western Front, which was precisely made worse by the intervention of the American troops, made the Germans take further steps. The German military leading feared an infinite collapse of the cause and that the enemies could make their way farther and could thus claim and take over German territory.In August 1918 the Allies fought the Germans back from their fronts and Lud expiryorff, a German general, had to inform the Kaiser We have nearly reached the find of our powers of resistance. The war must be ended. In September 1918 the German government began negotiations on an armistice with the American President Woodrow Wilson whose 14-points they expected to bring about a peace treaty without too much loss.At the end of September 1918 Bulgaria made peace and one mon th later Turkey was defeated. Austria was defeated by the Italians at Vittorio Veneto and sign uped an armistice with the Allies. Germany was now fighting the Allies alone. They had no other choice than to sign an armistice with the Entente in Compigne, France on November 11. This treaty marked the end of dry land War One. enfeeblement at the frontBut where did the exhaustion at the front and the necessity of an armistice come from?The prototypical and major reason is that the conditions the soldiers at the fronts had to live with were disastrous. They led to exhaustion and war weariness.When the war began many late men rushed to join the armies to proudly fight for their fatherlands. The British government asked for 100,000 volunteers but afterward vindicatory one month they already had 750,000. However, the peoples enthusiasm did non last. E actuallyone had believed the war would be over by Christmas 1914 zip had expected they would continue fighting for four more years.Wa r-weariness set in. People, both at the so called piazza front and soldiers fighting at the actual front, were tired of war and disappointed that in spite of the puffy loss all the armies had suffered, and the fact that not any progress had been made, there was still no end in sight.Soldiers young men of 20 years only had seen their comrades wounded and die one after the other. Either killed by the enemies bullets or bombs or slowly dying of influenza or other disease, caused by the miserable conditions in the trenches. These brave men were fighting in a futile battle, between the all of a sudden bodies of their friends, suffering from extreme temperatures and hunger. As a result of the Allied blockade beginning in 1914 German soldiers were exceedingly poorly fed. The allied navies prevented ships sailing directly to Germany providing it with anything that could be used for making war (including food) in order to starve the Germans until they give up and surrender.The Allies al so had an overwhelming superiority in artillery, tanks and motorized transport and their equipment was greatly superior. The Germans had to rely on their superior skill, but they didnt have a top-down overshadow structure like the British or the French. It is said that the Germans were tactically unsurpassed, but operationally deficient and strategically inept. So it was not military prowess that led to the Armistice.A part of the German military leaders didnt want to admit their failure in the battlefield. They claimed that the German army had actually been undefeated and their failure was only due to unpatriotic civilians and treacherous politicians at the post front stabbing their own forces in the back. This imitation theory was called stab-in-the-back-theory (German Dolchstolegende).Exhaustion at the home frontBut it was not that people at the home front were being unpatriotic that led to the German defeat. Of course many people had lost their look in their fatherland, but in fact it was the same exhaustion and war weariness as in the battlefield that forced the German leaders to start negotiating about an armistice.Generally the word home front indicates the inclusion of the civil universe of discourse into warfare, even if the actual front is outside of the populations lebensraum. And indeed, they were involved and suffering from the cause of the war. The biggest problem at the home front was the acute food shortage bare hunger. The civilian population of Germany was suffering. Although the German U-Boat campaign had led to food shortages in Britain the Allied naval blockade that prevented supplies from get into German ports hit Germany harder. Even worse was that the shortage of food during the war had led to an inflation, a hook in the general level of prices of goods. So those little supplies of food that were available was often not cheap for the common family. Even fuel was short supply and limited.Furthermore the influenza epidemic of 19 18 and 1919 killed between 20 and 40 million people in Europe. The so called Spanish Flu also hit German cities and claimed many lives amongst the people, who already suffered from and were weakened by the lack of food.In November 1918 the population was not willing to birth this situation anymore. Strikes and demonstrations paralysed Berlin. Workers went on strike, soldiers refused orders, and the German navy mutinied. The strike and protest spread all over the country. inwardly a week, there was no more German city that was not involved into the demonstrations, protests and strike veritable into a revolution. On 9 November 1918 Germany was declared a democratic republic, which was followed by the formal abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II.On 11 November the Armistice of Compigne was sign-language(a) by Center Party deputy Matthias Erzberger. World War I was officially over.ConclusionExhaustion on the front and on the home front, not military prowess, brought World War I to an Armi stice in 1918. The major reasons for the exhaustion were the large losses that the countries had suffered without making any progress. Bad conditions in the battlefield such as hunger and disease caused war weariness. Hunger and very bad living conditions caused exhaustion and war weariness on the home front. The German people was not willing to take this anymore and started a revolution in November. Germany became a republic and finally signed the Armistice of Compigne on November 11. The Great War was overAn essay by Katharina VoThe information was found at the following pageshttp//www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/learning/bitesize/standard/history/1890_1920/end_of_great_war_rev1.shtmlhttp//www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/german_experience_01.shtmlthreehttp//www.firstworldwar.com/diaries/braveryinthefield.htmhttp//www.historylearningsite.co.uk/home_front_1914_to_1918.htmhttp//de.internationalism.org/Welt150_nov1918

Homogenized Mushroom Tissue Based Biosensors

Homogenized cull Tissue Based BiosensorsABSTRACTHomogenized mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) pissedder based biosensors by using localize meander materials is a relatively new development in the biosensor technology. A simple in cliff present kind of optical ethanol biosensor that based on immobalised alcohol oxidase (AOX) homogenized from mushroom tissue onto polyaniline (PANI) scene for ethanol ( 5% concentration ) detection in toiletries products. The colour exit to change from young to blue due to response of biosensor to the ethanol and the change of colour can be seen by unclothed eyes. Regarding the enzymatic reaction of ethanol, acetaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide will produced, indeed PANI film is latter going to be oxidised. The method manipulationd to immobalise AOX onro the PANI film is by adsorption. Regarding immobilisation process, AOX solution need to deposit on the PANI film and then left it at room temperature wi reduce 30 transactions until it dry. Scan an d go bad the changes films colour to obtain the biosensors response characteristics toward the ethanol. The biosensor respond. Therefore, this simple visual biosensor is suitable for all-range-aged community to determine the safeness of certain toiletries products from the ethanol.Keywords Biosensor Alcohol Oxidase Ethanol Mushroom Tissue Polyaniline Toiletries6.0EXPERIMENTAL6.1Chemicals10-40 units/mg protein of Alcohol Oxidase or simply called (AOX) (A2404, EC1.1.3.13) which extract from mushroom (A. Bisporus). These mushroom can be bought at fresh market as culture vegetables. Before use make sure store it at 4C. In prescribe to immobalization use 225 bloom of gelatin from calf skin and 25.0% glutaraldehyde. Ascorbic acid, 2-propanol, D-glucose, n-butanol and many more chemicals needed can be purchased from Sigma, St. Louis, USA. Aniline with AR-grade, gallic acid (G7384) and l-cysteine (W326305) can be purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Ethanol which contai n 99.5%, methanol, orthophosphoric acid (85%) and sodium hydroxide (pellets) can be delivered by Merck (Nottingham, UK). All needed chemicals are from commercial source which in analytical grade. Millipore Direct-QTM 5 purification system provide the Milli-Q water. found ethanols stock solutions in 0.1 M orthophosphate buffer at suitable pH daily and store it in refrigerator at 4 C. For pH studies, 0.1 M of the phosphate buffer solutions with pH values between 4 and 8 were can be used and to measure the pH value, use commercial glass electrode and pH-meter (model 9318, Hanna Instruments, Woonsocket, RL, USA) and calibrate it at the pH values of 4.00, 7.00 and 9.00.6.2Homogenization of Mushroom TissueHomogenize 200 mg mushroom tissue in the 400ml phosphate buffer. Mix this 300 ml homogenate and 10 mg gelatin. Incubate it for 5 minutes at 38C to make sure the gelatin is dissolved.6.3Preparation of Polyaniline (PANI) FilmIn social club to prevent bumping in the aniline, purify the a niline with vigorous and rapid stirring by distilled under vacuum. Prepare PANI dispersion as nanofibre and Huang and Karner (2006) already mention the method to should to be used to build it. Mix 3.2 mmol or 0.3 g of purified aniline with 10 mL of 1.0M Hydrochloric Acid (HCL). Mix 0.8 mmol or 0.18 g of Ammonium peroxydisulfate into another(prenominal) 10 mL aliquot acid solutions. Add aniline-acid to oxidant and these two solution will ruffle up rapidly within 30 seconds and then allow it to react in undisturbed overnight stipulation. On the next day, wash the polyaniline by using water and centrifuged. Supernatant liquor with pH 3.3 and strong fountain colour will form and it is indicate as the PANI particles which can be observed after several(prenominal) times of washing. Any remaining particles with size larger than 1m mustiness be aloof before casting by passing the dispersion through a 55-mm glass fiber carry (Whatman GFA, Kent, UK) which is attach to vacuum source. Cas t directly PANI dispersion on a substrate of polystyrene and then, left the thin film of PANI that on the sheet of polystyrene in the dark to dry after cut it into individual in 10mm2 size. Next, store that ready film at 4C. The thickness must be 0.7m and use SEM images to determine it. To make sure the thickness of the film is always in the same magnitude order, it must be determined routinely. Then, choose 0.7 m thickness of PANI film to use for the further experiment emergence in good of PANI film fabrication reproducibility.6.4Enzyme ImmobilizationImmerse the PANI film in 0.1 M phosphate buffer which have pH 7.0 to make sure the condition of PANI film is at natural condition which means at pH 7.0. After that, deposit appropriate concentration about 10 L of AOX solution which is from homogenate of mushroom tissues and phosphate buffer on the PANI film and left it to dry within 30 minutes. For the further use, store this PANI film with immobilised AOX at 4 C.6.5Biosensor Construc tionConstruct a dip stick test visual biosensor of PANI film with immobilized AOX as turn 1, connect AOX/PANI film with a handle which make by cellulose paper or can use transparent plastic tape. To way to use this this dip-stick dress visual biosensor by just dipping this kind of biosensor into the toiletries warning solution for a several seconds (5 s), then the change of colour can be seen by baked eye if the concentration of ethanol is 5% since that only when amount allowed to be in toiletries products and use image analysis for the quantitative measurement change of colour.(a)(b)Figure 1 (a) dip stick format of biosensor(b) dip biosensor into toiletries sample solution (Kuswandi et.al,2014)6.6 Colour Change arrangingSee the change of colour by raw(a) eye during alcohol detection since this biosensor is kind of visual mode. Use scanner for example Canon, Cano Scan, Japan and Tokyo for quantification of colour measurements. The presence of ethanol exceed 5% of concentration in toiletries sample solutions will change the colour of the biosensor from green to blue. The detection can be done by douse the biosensor which in the form of dip stick test in the sample solutions in 5 seconds. Use ImageJ program which can be used as online applet, free transfer application or can be used in any computer together with coffee bean 5 (Dougherty, 2009 Rueden et.al, 2007) in order to measure out the colour after it has been scanned. The purpose s to determine the mean RGB colour value.7.0EXPECTED RESULTThe expected result from this research is the colour of dip stick AOX/PANI film biosensor will change from green to blue if there presence of 5% of ethanol in toiletries products after the biosensor is dipped into the toiletries sample solutions for 5 seconds. Since this is the visual mode biosensor, the change of colour can easily seen by naked eyes. On the hand, use scanner (Canon, Cano Scan, Japan, Tokyo) for quantitative colour measurement and then use ImageJ program to assess the colour change of biosensor and to determine the mean RGB colour value. (Collins, 2007)