Donald Johanson :: essays research papers fc

Donald JohansonDonald Johanson was born in Chicago in 1943, the son of Swedish immigrants. His father died when he was two, and his come moved to Hartford, Connecticut, where he developed an interest in anthropology from a dwell who taught the subject. Although he initially studied chemistry at university, he last switched majors to anthropology, and worked during summers on archeological digs. He transferred to Chicago to study under(a) F. Clark Howell for his graduate studies, doing a comprehensive study on chimpanzee odontiasis for his doctoral thesis. In 1970 and 1971 he visited Africa to do field work at Omo in Ethiopia. In 1972, he and some colleagues went on a sententious exploratory junket evaluate the Afar Triangle region of Ethiopia. They were strike by its promise, and planned a full-scale expedition the following year. top in the USA, Johanson completed his Ph.D. and started a teaching position at reason Western Reserve University.(Johanson) In 1973 he discover ed AL 129-1, a small further humanlike knee, and the first knee known from the hominian fossil record. The following year, Johanson and Tom Gray discovered an even more than spectacular find, AL 288-1, a partial skeleton of a effeminate australopithecine better known by its nickname of Lucy. (Farah-Karls, 21). In 1975 thither was yet another major find when his team found a collection of fossils at a single site that was nicknamed the First Family. In 1976, more hominid fossils were discovered, along with stone tools, which, at 2.5 million years, were the oldest in the world. After 1976, political conditions in Ethiopia prevented further expeditions for nearly 15 years.(Johanson).Johanson, who in 1974 had become a curator at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, now tackled the travail of analyzing the fossils with the aid of Tim White, a young but highly regarded scientist who had just destroyed his Ph.D. Johanson had originally thought that the Hadar fossils were a mixtur e of military man and Australopithecus specimens, but White eventually convinced him that all of them belonged to just one species. In 1978 they named that species Australopithecus afarensis.(Johanson). In 1981, Johanson founded the Institute of Human Origins, a non-profit research institution devoted to the study of prehistory. In 1987, the IHO was given permission to conduct an expedition to Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania, and found a partial skeleton, OH 62, which is generally attributed to Homo habilis.